Ácido úrico como biomarcador predictivo de la preeclampsia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59169/pentaciencias.v5i5.754Palabras clave:
Ácido úrico; preeclampsia; hiperuricemia; complicaciones del embarazo; biomarcadoresResumen
La preeclampsia es una complicación hipertensiva del embarazo, que se relaciona con cifras altas de morbilidad materna y fetal. Alrededor del 5 al 8% de los embarazos son afectados por este desorden gestacional. La disfunción renal, cardíaca, pulmonar, hepática, neurológica; trastornos hematológicos; restricción del crecimiento fetal; nacimiento de un neonato muerto; y muerte materna son las complicaciones graves que pueden aparecer en la preeclampsia. La hiperuricemia es un biomarcador que manifiesta el avance de la hipertensión gestacional y el riesgo de complicaciones fetales y maternas ya que induce la liberación de citoquinas proinflamatorias, como el TNF-α, IL-1β e IL6. De acuerdo con distintas investigaciones, autores indican que los niveles altos de ácido úrico fueron notables en el segundo trimestre en mujeres que desarrollaron preeclampsia. Los investigadores estiman concentraciones de 6,08 ± 0,49 mg/dL frente a 5,20 ± 0,19 mg/dL, y enfatizan que al menos el 25,9% de mujeres preeclámpticas hiperuricémicas (>6 mg/dL) fueron enviadas a la unidad de cuidados especiales. El presente estudio procura recolectar información con la finalidad de esclarecer el papel del ácido úrico como biomarcador predictivo en la preeclampsia, a fin de determinar su valor diagnóstico en esta complicación gestacional.
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