Interacción ambiental-leptospirosis canina establecida mediante metaanálisis para priorizar necesidades de investigación
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59169/pentaciencias.v6i6.1248Palabras clave:
climatología; ecología animal; política de la salud; veterinariaResumen
Este estudio de revisión bibliográfica se centra en la leptospirosis canina con la finalidad de evaluar la relación entre precipitación y leptospirosis, identificar la región más afectada y justificar estudios adicionales mediante un metaanálisis. La metodología incluye el análisis de relación entre precipitación y casos de leptospirosis (1994-2013), la exploración de la incidencia por regiones en Ecuador mediante análisis de correspondencia y un metaanálisis global de la interacción entre factores ambientales de 106 artículos de distintas bases de datos. Los resultados muestran una relación exponencial significativa entre leptospirosis y precipitación en Ecuador, destacando la importancia de las condiciones climáticas en la evaluación de riesgos. La región costa, especialmente Manabí, es la más afectada, con una sólida asociación entre leptospirosis y varios hospederos (perros, cerdos, ratas y múltiples animales). El metaanálisis subraya la importancia de factores como inundaciones, suelos y eventos de lluvia, que representan el 52.4% de la variación en la literatura analizada. En contraste, otros elementos carecen de relevancia, lo que indica la necesidad de priorizar investigaciones y estrategias específicas. En conclusión, se proporciona una visión integral de la leptospirosis canina, destacando la importancia de factores climáticos y ambientales para desarrollar estrategias efectivas de prevención y control en Ecuador.
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