Interacción ambiental-leptospirosis canina establecida mediante metaanálisis para priorizar necesidades de investigación

Jair Alexander Zambrano Muñoz; Ernesto  Antonio Hurtado

doi:10.59169/pentaciencias.v6i6.1248

Authors

Jair Alexander Zambrano Muñoz Estudiante de la Escuela Superior Politécnica de Manabí Manuel Félix López
Ernesto Antonio Hurtado Escuela Superior Politécnica Agropecuaria de Manabí Manuel Félix López https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2574-1289

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.59169/pentaciencias.v6i6.1248

Keywords:

climatology; animal ecology; health policy; veterinary medicine

Abstract

This literature review study focuses on canine leptospirosis with the purpose of evaluating the relationship between precipitation and leptospirosis, identifying the most affected region and justifying additional studies through a meta-analysis. The methodology includes the analysis of the relationship between precipitation and cases of leptospirosis (1994-2013), the exploration of the incidence by region in Ecuador through correspondence analysis and a global meta-analysis of the interaction between environmental factors of 106 articles from different databases. The results show a significant exponential relationship between leptospirosis and precipitation in Ecuador, highlighting the importance of climatic conditions in risk assessment. The coastal region, especially Manabí, is the most affected, with a solid association between leptospirosis and several hosts (dogs, pigs, rats and multiple animals). The meta-analysis highlights the importance of factors such as floods, soils and rainfall events, which account for 52.4% of the variation in the literature analyzed. In contrast, other elements lack relevance, indicating the need to prioritize specific research and strategies. In conclusion, a comprehensive view of canine leptospirosis is provided, highlighting the importance of climatic and environmental factors to develop effective prevention and control strategies in Ecuador.

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