Uso de metilprednisolona en pacientes con trauma raquimedular, situación actual
Palabras clave:
Trauma Raquimedular; Médula Espinal; Metilprednisolona; Corticoides.Resumen
La lesión medular traumática (TSCI) hace referencia a la lesión provocada por impactos físicos externos, que pueden generar contusión, laceración, compresión masiva y lesión solida medular. Las tasas de incidencia de TSCI varían de 13 a 220 por millón de habitantes. Los acontecimientos fisiopatológicos que ocurren después de la lesión se clasifican en dos fases, una inmediatamente posterior al trauma (lesión primaria) y otra que ocurre de días a meses después (lesión secundaria). Para el tratamiento de la TSCI se usan varias estrategias en neuroprotección como el uso de metilprednisolona, control de la presión arterial media y descompresión quirúrgica, pero actualmente se está evaluando la seguridad y la efectividad de nuevos medicamentos y sustancias en el tratamiento agudo de los pacientes con TSCI. Son necesarias más publicaciones científicas que aporten más evidencia para el uso de estas nuevas estrategias. Se analiza la literatura en busca de los fundamentos fisiopatológicos del uso de corticoides en Trauma Raquimedular (TRM). Se revisan los artículos más relevantes en el uso de metilprednisolona en el TRM, y se analizan críticamente, tanto en su diseño como en la forma de presentar sus resultados. Se desprende que el uso de metilprednisolona a altas dosis en el Trauma Raquimedular Agudo debe ser usado con precaución, y estando alerta a las posibles complicaciones.
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Derechos de autor 2022 Revista Científica Arbitrada Multidisciplinaria PENTACIENCIAS - ISSN 2806-5794.
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