Strategies to foster logical reasoning and mathematical argumentation

Abstract

The educational system faces challenges in implementing pedagogical strategies that develop logical reasoning and mathematical argumentation in students. This research aimed to explore and analyze the barriers that affect these skills in students at the Unidad Educativa Carlos Julio Arosemena Tola. A quantitative approach was used, with a non-experimental-cross-sectional design and a descriptive type. The population consisted of 281 students aged 7 to 12 years, with a random sample of 163 students selected. Data were collected through a structured survey using Google Forms, assessing the use of pedagogical strategies to strengthen logical reasoning and mathematical argumentation. The results revealed that most students show interest in solving math problems related to everyday situations and value the use of visual tools and collaborative work. However, it was found that activities to identify patterns in numbers or figures are not practiced frequently, limiting the development of analytical skills. Although students appreciate the use of educational technologies such as games and applications, their use is not regular. In conclusion, the research highlights the need to integrate pedagogical strategies tailored to students' needs in order to improve learning and reduce educational gaps.