Comparación entre cálculo de requerimientos nutricionales por calorimetría indirecta y fórmulas de predicción

Ariana Belén  Navarrete Naranjo

doi:10.59169/pentaciencias.v17i2.1439

Authors

Ariana Belén Navarrete Naranjo Universidad Técnica de Ambato https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4744-144X

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.59169/pentaciencias.v17i2.1439

Keywords:

energy expenditure; metabolic assessment; predictive method; calorimetry; energy estimation

Abstract

Resting energy expenditure (REE) is defined as the energy required for vital functions, including brain, heart and respiratory functions. Its calculation is crucial to avoid overestimating needs, which can lead to nutritional imbalances and disorders related to nutrient intake and absorption. Among the most recognized predictive equations are: Harris-Benedict, Mifflin-St and the one proposed by the FAO. However, these equations have limitations, biases and wide margins of error. Currently, the use of more precise methods is recommended, such as indirect calorimetry (IC), considered a first-line method due to its non-invasive nature and precision. This method is based on the measurement of gas exchange, especially in the quantification of oxygen consumption (VO₂) and carbon dioxide production (VCO₂). The energy derived from the oxidation of nutrients, such as carbohydrates, proteins and fats, requires oxygen and produces carbon dioxide in specific proportions. This research is qualitative, based on a systematic bibliographic review in which 40 scientific studies obtained from indexed databases were analyzed. The results obtained show the potential of indirect calorimetry compared to predictive equations, which are useful in heterogeneous populations, so it is essential to consider the margin of error in its application. On the other hand, indirect calorimetry is positioned as the gold standard in the calculation of Resting Energy Expenditure (REE) in critical patients, offering a significant advantage in terms of accurate estimation and nutritional therapy.

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