Multisectoral water conflicts and governance: analysis of tensions over water allocation

Abstract

This study analyzes the nature, intensity, and potential solutions to conflicts over water resource allocation in the Pastaza River Basin, an area characterized by high demand from the agricultural, industrial (primarily hydroelectric and agro-industrial), and domestic consumption sectors. Using a mixed-methods approach, combining flow data analysis with interviews of key stakeholders (irrigation board authorities, community representatives, and industrial operators), the research identifies the main sources of tension and evaluates the effectiveness of Integrated Water Resources Governance (IWRM) mechanisms. Preliminary results indicate that agricultural consumption is the largest user by volume, but the most intense conflict arises between domestic consumption and hydroelectric generation, where legal priority clashes with economic logic. The study concludes that implementing intersectoral dialogue forums, based on the principle of equity and recognition of the priority of water for human consumption, is essential for achieving sustainable management and reducing conflict in the basin.