Determining factors that influence the occurrence of false negatives in Covid-19 serological tests and their association with catastrophic illnesses in adult patients
Keywords:
Factors, false negatives, Covid-19, serological tests, catastrophic diseases.Abstract
Introduction: This research is of great importance and impact because due to its rapid spread of Covid-19, there is a need for rapid and accurate diagnoses that allow better monitoring of the disease, since one of the main challenges is the early detection of SARS. -CoV-2. Methodology: This documentary-type research work and systematic review aimed to analyze and detail the determining factors that influence the occurrence of false negatives in covid-19 serological tests and their association with catastrophic diseases in adult patients. Results and discussion: Rapid serological tests are used more frequently in adults because they are simple and very easy to perform. It is considered that the preanalytical phase, the days of infection and whether the patient has received treatment, these are the factors that stand out the most in the prevalence of false negatives. In this sense, one of the limitations of diagnosis based on the detection of immunoglobulins specific to a certain antigen is the difficulty of knowing with certainty when these immunoglobulins appear in blood samples, which could lead to a false negative diagnosis. Conclusion: Serological tests are not an adequate strategy for the identification of asymptomatic and presymptomatic patients. Rapid serological tests for the detection of specific anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies can be used as a diagnostic aid, but the diagnosis must be confirmed by RT-PCR. Rapid tests should be reserved for patients with symptoms lasting more than 11 days.
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